a) One-Stage Dental Implant
- Longer one piece implant are used without having a screw in-between implant (post )and abutment(restoration)
Advantage:
(i) No need for second surgery to expose the implant once the healing has occurred.
(ii) No risk of screw loosening or breakage
Disadvantage:
(i) Since implant is protruding from the gums, extra caution is required during the healing period, as the implant is vulnerable to external forces.
(ii) More chances of failure.
b) Two-Stage Dental Implant
- Two piece implant are used
- Implant (post) is placed first during the initial surgery. The gums are sutured back to protect the implant from external forces during the healing period. Once the healing has occurred, a second minor surgery is carried out to expose the implant and then the abutment (restoration) is attached with the help of a screw (connector).
Advantage:
(i) Unhindered healing of implant as it is not exposed to external forces.
(ii) Allows adjustment of angulation of the implant in cases where angulations are a challenge.
Disadvantage:
(i) A second surgery is required to expose the implant after sufficient healing has taken place, so that the abutment can be attached.
(ii) Screw loosening or breakage leading to implant failure.
Two-Stage Surgery
One- Stage Surgery
a) Endosseous Implant
- Most commonly used type.
- 3 Types-Ramus Frame, Root Form And Plate Form
- Commonly used in two stage treatment procedure.
- Placed directly into the jaw bone, underneath the gums.
Advantage:
more stable as the implant ultimately fuses with the natural jaw bone.
b) Subperiosteal Implant
- Commonly used for single stage treatment procedure
- Implant is placed inside the gum tissues, over the jaw bone.
- Implant protrudes from the gums to hold the restoration.
Advantage:
can be used for patients with insufficient bone height.
c) Transosteal Implant
- This implant design penetrates the entire length of jaw bone vertically.
d) Intramucosal
- Implants are inserted into the mucosa only.
Source: www.slideshare.net
Size of the implant selected for individual patient depends on spacing between the teeth available for implant placement and bone availability. Based on this, three implant sizes are available.
a) Standard Platform Implant
- Diameter: 3.5 to 4.2mm
- Usually placed in the front part of the jaws(incisor region)
b) Wide Platform Implant
- Diameter: 4.5 to 6mm
- Usually placed in the back region of the jaws(molar region)
c) Mini/Narrow Implant
- Diameter: 2 to 3.5mm
- Indication:
(i) Insufficient space between roots for placement of an regular size implant
(ii) Insufficient bone density
- Smooth
- Machined
- Textured
- Coated
Classification Based on Surface of the Implant
source: www.dentalimplantcostguide.com
- Cylindrical
- Threaded
- Plateau
- Perforated
- Solid
- Hollow
source: www.slideshare.net
Connector is thatpart of dental implant which connects the implant (post)to the abutment (restoration).
a) Internal Hex Connector- hexagonal shaped opening in the dental implant?s head.
b) External Hex Connector- hexagonal shaped connector located on the top part of implant?s head.
c) Ball And Socket Connector- ball shaped connector located on the implant?s head,which fits into the socket of abutment.
source: www.dentaledu.tv
